Islamic education
Prayer (Salah)
Conditions, pillars, and wājibāt of the five daily prayers.
Ṣalāh is the second pillar of Islam. Hanafis distinguish farḍ, wājib, and sunnah acts; Shafi‘is/Malikis/Hanbalis often use pillars (arkān) and obligatory acts (wājibāt). Missing a pillar invalidates the prayer; missing a wājib usually requires sajdah al-sahw.
Conditions of validity
- Ritual purity, clean body/clothes/place, covering awrah, facing qiblah, correct time, intention
Pillars (all agree on core)
- Standing if able, opening takbir, reciting Al-Fatihah, ruku‘, sujud, final sitting, taslim
Common differences
Where to place hands, saying āmīn aloud, raising hands, qunut in Fajr — valid differences among the four imams. Follow your imam in congregation.